Dyeing process of garments or fabric

Strictly speaking, pigments dyeing  is a process that uses pigments to adhere pigments to the fiber surface to obtain a uniform color. Because the particle diameter of pigment is generally in the range of 0.1-2 μm, it is impossible to directly enter various fibers, it has no affinity for textile fibers, and the dyeing process does not occur during dyeing, so it is a pigment coloring. pigments dyeing has many advantages: a. Because the pigment has no affinity for any fiber, the dyeing process does not occur during dyeing, and there is no selectivity to various fibers, so it can be used for dyeing various fibers; b.When two or more dyestuffs are dyed together, there will no be competition for dyeing position, good reproducibility and easy dyeing; c. Dyeing process is simple, general coating only requires three processes, namely dip pad dyeing liquid → drying → baking; d. Energy saving, water saving, reducing sewage discharge; e. Costs are reduced accordingly. The main disadvantages are: a. Poor hand feel; b. Poor color fastness of dyeing; c. Difficult to dye dark colors.

The above situation is for pigment pad dyeing, but the dyeing of pigment garments is different from pad dyeing. Because garment dyeing uses dip dyeing, it cannot pass through padding, baking and other processes. Therefore, to make paigment impregnating possible, it is necessary to fiber dyeing can be done after modification. This modification can also be regarded as improving the adsorption of the coating on the fibers and bridging the coating particles. This modifier is also called an adsorbent, and is generally a cationic auxiliary with an ammonium salt structure. The coating and dyeing process of coatings is introduced as follows:

(1) Impregnation of modifier pigments

①Dyeing equipment: industrial washing machine

Suitable for dyeing cotton garments, knitted garments, etc.

② Modification pre-treatment process and prescription:

Modifier ≥ 4%, (owf), fabric cleansing-modification (added after dilution with cold water)-turn for 10 minutes-warm up to 70 ° C-keep for 10 minutes-add 4% soda ash for 10 minutes-drain ——After cold water 3% NaOH is used to adjust the pH of the dyeing bath to 9-9.5 ℃ 70 ° C. After 20-30min modification, it is washed twice with water at room temperature.

③ Dyeing process prescription:

Coating color paste x%

Penetrant JFC1-2g / L

70 ° -80 ° C, wash with water for 1-2 times at room temperature after dyeing for 20-30 minutes.

④Soap boiling prescription (g / L):

Soda 2

Soap 1

Hot wash after soaping at 80 ℃, 10min → cold wash → (soft treatment) → dehydration → drying

The modifier can also be used for reactive dyeing, which can improve the color depth. For example: pure cotton knitted fabric (floating bottom): a. Modification-modifier 3% -5%, (owf), 30% NaOH adjust pH 9-9.5, JFC 0.5g / L, bath ratio 1: 20-25 , 60-70 ℃, 30min, wash with water. b. Dyeing-reactive dye x%, JFC 0.5g / L, Na2CO3 adjusting pH value 9-10, bath ratio 1: 20-25, dyeing temperature (X type room temperature, KN type 60 ℃: K type 80-90 ℃) , Time 30-40min. c. Soap-209 detergent 0.5%, 90-100 ° C, 10min, wash and dry. Deepening effect: KN-G emerald blue 8%, (o.w.f); KN-G emerald blue after modification, 5.5%, (o.w.f). The original X-3B red was 5%, (o.w.f); the modified X-3B red was 2.4%, (o.w.f).

(2) Dip dye

①Dyeing equipment: industrial washing machine

Suitable for dyeing garments such as cotton denim.

② Pretreatment process and prescription of adsorbent (g / L):

Adsorbent CF-3              2－3.5

Sodium                            2-3

Penetrant                       JFC 2

First put cold water in the dyeing machine, heat up to 70 ℃ according to the bath ratio of 1:20, add penetrant JFC, put the garment into the machine for wetting treatment for 10min, then change the water, warm to 65-70 ℃, add the agent and soda , Treatment 15-20min, put water, wash with cold water.

③Dyeing process: prescription (g / L):

Pigment color paste (o.w.f)           0.5% -3%

Urea                                                 5-20

Levelling agent  O                            1-2

④Fixing solution prescription (mL / L):

Binder 001                     2-10

Crosslinking agent                      20

Drain the liquid after pre-treatment, put water in the machine to the specified level, add pigment color paste, urea, and add levelling agent O, increase the temperature to 80 ° C at 2-3 ° C / min, and keep the dyeing for 15-20min. Remove the dye solution, wash with cold water, drain the liquid, enter the water, raise the temperature to 80 ° C, add a binder, and cross-linking agent for 15 minutes to fix the color. Then, add the residual liquid, add water, raise the temperature to 60 ° C, and add 2g / L of soda ash. Detergent LS1g / L, after 15 minutes of treatment, change to clean water, remove the machine, dewater, and dry.

Note: ① Adding urea in dyeing can help dissolve and puff the fiber, and adding plain levelling agent can prevent the adhesive from sticking to the wall of the dyeing machine. ② If the hand feels hard, it can be treated with softener after washing and fixing.

The above two coating dyeing methods are available for selection, and are reasonably selected according to the quality requirements of the garment, feel, dyeing fastness, etc. The precautions before dyeing of the garment refer to conventional requirements.Note: The pH value of the dyeing solution is controlled between 6.5 ~ 7 when the paint is dyed

Note: When light-colored dyes are heated up to 70 degrees, the dye solution can be exhausted, and when dark-colored dyeds are heated to 90 degrees, it can improve the coloring rate, reduce waste, and control the difference in the cylinder.